What type of drug is considered a depressant?

Barbiturates are classified as depressants because they act on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect. They enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to sedation, muscle relaxation, and a reduction in anxiety. This category of drugs is often prescribed for conditions such as anxiety and sleep disorders but has a high potential for abuse and dependence. In contrast, the other substances listed, such as amphetamines, hallucinogens, and stimulants, have different effects on the central nervous system, which may include increased energy, altered perception, or heightened alertness, but do not have the depressant qualities associated with barbiturates.